Several leading Republican men vied for their party’s nomination. Initially, the Republicans were hardly unified around a single candidate themselves. The nation’s oldest party had split over differences in policy toward slavery. Breckinridge of Kentucky, as their presidential candidate. A subsequent convention in Baltimore nominated Douglas, while southerners nominated the current vice president, John C.
The Democrats ended up with two presidential candidates.
The parties leaders’ refusal to include a pro-slavery platform resulted in southern delegates walking out of the convention, preventing Douglas from gaining the two-thirds majority required for a nomination. Northern Democrats pulled for Senator Stephen Douglas, a champion of popular sovereignty, while southern Democrats were intent on endorsing someone other than Douglas.
The goal was to nominate a candidate for the party ticket, but the party was deeply divided. In April, the Democratic Party convened in Charleston, South Carolina, the bastion of secessionist thought in the South. The 1860 presidential election was chaotic. The Civil War was a defining event in the history of the United States and, for the Americans thrust into it, a wrenching one. Simultaneously, women thrust themselves into critical wartime roles while navigating a world without many men of military age. African Americans, both enslaved and free, pressed the issue of emancipation and nurtured this transformation. Most northern soldiers went to war to preserve the Union, but the war ultimately transformed into a struggle to eradicate slavery. 1 The war touched the life of nearly every American as military mobilization reached levels never seen before or since. The American Civil War, the bloodiest in the nation’s history, resulted in approximately 750,000 deaths.
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